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Fig. 1. Segmentation of high-resolution RGB images in soybean with the original image (top) and the segmented mask overlaid on the original image (bottom). Soybean plants (green) were seeded at five different densities, and the natural weed community has been segmented into grasses (pink), broadleaf weeds (dark orange) and volunteer canola (orange). Volunteer canola is glyphosate-resistant and would require alternate management compared with all other weeds in the image.

Improved herbicide stewardship with remote sensing and machine learning decision-making tools

Weeds pose the most persistent and costly threat to crop production in Canada, driving widespread herbicide use and accelerating the rise of herbicide-resistant species. This article explores how emerging AI- and trait-based decision tools can transform weed management and usher in a new era of precise, sustainable herbicide stewardship.
Adrinka symbol from the Akan people in Ghana/Ivory Coast symbolizing the constant demand for high standards, especially moral standards, that is fundamental in Afrikan Tradition.

Afrikan studies and research in the human sciences

Discussing Afrikan studies, Kimani S. K. Nehusi highlights the importance of an Afrocentric perspective that positions Afrikans as active participants in their cultures and histories. He introduces the concept of the Afrikan Ancestral Land Complex (AALC), which includes the essential values, knowledge, and rituals that sustain Afrikan identity and community cohesion.
Neural network concept. Connected cells with links. High technology process. Abstract futuristic background

Exploring genetic tools in environmental microbes: Applications in extracellular electron transfer

Arpita Bose and Zhecheng Zhang explore genetic tools in environmental microbes, citing applications in extracellular electron transfer/
Figure 1. VINO Solutions program overview. Focal areas: National Clean Plant Program, Superior Performing Grapevine Program, Integrated Pest Management Program, and Wine Quality and Flavour Enhancement Program. Each is interrelated and integral to the research continuum, from planting material, to greenhouse, to vineyard, to wine production. Virus evaluation is a central tenet (top left), to establish methods, data bases, and planting materials, setting VINO Solutions and Ontario as a global pioneer in the field. Brock facilities and vetted partner sites will ensure highest quality and research standards. Commercialization partners (CGCN, nurseries, vineyard, and wineries) ensures relevance and immediate uptake of research results.

Resiliency strategies to overcome challenges facing the Canadian grape and wine sector

Resiliency strategies to overcome challenges facing the Canadian grape and wine sector.

Professional, interactive data visualization for everyone: lessR

David Gerbing, Ph.D, from Portland State University, explores professional, interactive data visualization for everyone through lessR.
Fanned out colorful books forming light-beam like shape.

Paulo Freire, social justice, and the democratic possibilities of education

Stephanie Schneider from SUNY Old Westbury examines Paulo Freire’s fascinating work on social justice, and the democratic potential of education.

Lost in taxonomy: Why bacterial type strains are the anchor we need

Professor David Ussery and Dr. Ake Vastermark, bioinformatics and microbial taxonomy experts at Oklahoma State University, introduce the challenges of defining bacterial species in an era of rapidly expanding genomic data. Their article highlights how modern genome-based tools can bring clarity to this evolving field.
Figure 1. Cladoselache fyleri, a chondrichthyan fossil preserved at an early stage of decay and disarticulation in an iron-carbonate concretion, collected by William Kepler between 1880 and 1886 from the Cleveland Shale Member of the Ohio Shale (Upper Devonian), Cleveland, Ohio, USA (above), and an interpretive sketch of the specimen (below). The cartilaginous bones of the skull, including the jaws, have largely disarticulated, and some of the tiny teeth are scattered nearby. The body was twisted just behind the pectoral fin, so the fossil appears in left-lateral view at the front, and in oblique-ventral view through most of the trunk and tail regions. A distinct rounded line surrounding the fish represents the margin of the microbial biofilm, or “decay halo,” that was responsible for early decay and also forming the concretion and preserving the fish remains. The fossil is 50 cm in length. This previously undescribed specimen was one of many surprises in the 19th-century geological collection of Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio.

Cladoselache, a puzzling ancient shark-like fish

Loren E. Babcock, Professor in the School of Earth Sciences at The Ohio State University, introduces research on Cladoselache, a puzzling ancient shark-like fish.
Texture of mold and fungi, microbiology, abstract background. Close-Up

Legacy asbestos: An ongoing public health risk

Jean C. Pfau and Tracy McNew from the Center for Asbestos-Related Disease address the legacy of environmental asbestos, which continues to pose a public health risk.
Image: ©University of Manitoba

Why riparian buffers fail to filter agricultural runoff contaminants

In this article, Dr David Lobb of the University of Manitoba examines why riparian buffers often fail to filter contaminants from agricultural runoff, particularly in cold climate regions.
Figure 1: Douglas-fir seedling

The benefits of harvest residue and vegetation control on conifer seedling survival and growth

Mark Kimsey, the Director of the Intermountain Forestry Cooperative, discusses the benefits of harvest residue and vegetation control on conifer seedling survival and growth.
The location of the experimental restoration peatland (with the six treatment plots covered in straw mulch) is set against the Sudbury landscape, with the now decommissioned 381m tall ‘Superstack’ in the background. The site is located within the Laurentian University Greenspace and emphasizes the importance of this research and education opportunity for both local and global audiences.

Sudbury peatland restoration from metal pollution

Professor Pete Whittington discusses efforts to restore metal-contaminated peatlands in Sudbury, Ontario, which were heavily affected by mining since the 1880s.
Vellinge’s dike sits inland rather than on the shoreline, reducing wave impact and allowing for more ecological design

Vellinge reinvents flood protection with nature-based innovation

Nature meets engineering in Vellinge’s innovative flood defence, setting a new standard for sustainable coastal protection, Anders Purcell, Project Manager at Vellinge Municipality explains.
Abstract digital background featuring flowing blue and green lines with glowing yellow particles, evoking a sense of data flow or neural networks.

The future of brain interfacing

Neural Speech Inc. aims to provide a link to the outside world for people who are unable to communicate. CEO and Chief Scientist, Philip Kennedy, explains the potential opportunities associated with brain interfacing.
Figure 1: Graphical representation of pharmacokinetic processes. Botanicals taken concurrently with drugs may modify any of these processes.

Understanding botanical-drug interactions

With a specific focus on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms, Dr Erin C Berthold discusses the interactions between botanical and herbal supplements and conventional pharmaceuticals, highlighting the urgent need to examine these interactions for public health and patient safety.
DNA abstract digital visualization. Changes in the genome, scientific transformations

The legacy of bias: Building the foundation for sex and gender-based medicine

Alyson J. McGregor, Associate Dean at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine, highlights the historical bias present in medical research; the exclusion of which has created a significant knowledge gap that impacts the diagnosis and treatment of various health conditions.
Atomic Force Microscope in Material Research Laboratory.

Atomic-Force Microscopy (AFM) data: Are these images real?

Focusing on atomic-force microscopy (AFM) data, Nancy A. Burnham examines the challenges in image processing for scientific research, highlighting how different techniques yield varied images and clearer views of key features. The choices researchers make during processing can therefore lead to differing conclusions, underscoring the importance of critical evaluation in scientific publications.
Figure 1. Human oligodendrocytes. A. Cartoon of oligodendrocyte myelination of neuronal axons. B-D. Oligodendrocytes grown in a dish (cell culture). E,F. Oligodendrocyte excitotoxicity. G. Peroxynitrite (ONOO) formation and protein damage. H. Oligodendrocyte excitotoxicity with quinolinic acid (QA) causes formation of toxic forms of α-synuclein as monomer (arrow) and oligomers. Ponceau shows equal protein loading in the lanes.

iPSCs and NSCs model newborn brain injury

This article discusses research by Dr. Lee J. Martin and his team on HIE, a leading cause of neonatal mortality. They use human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) and emphasize the vulnerability of oligodendrocytes, sharing how these cells can accumulate toxic misfolded proteins, potentially causing severe neural damage and long-term cognitive disabilities in affected infants.
Selective focus shot of mid adult female therapist giving constructive advice to insecure teenage boy, that is struggling with negative emotions, sitting across from her on the sofa, during a therapy session.

Youth suicide: An overview

Professor Deborah Winders Davis from the University of Louisville School of Medicine discusses the prevalence, risk factors, and stigma associated with youth mental health and suicide, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness and developing intervention strategies to tackle the critical issues facing young people.
Contemporary Spiral Wire Formation with Curved Linear Elements in Teal and Emerald Tones

Canada’s critical minerals research in building its future economy

Mostafa Fayek, Distinguished Professor at the University of Manitoba, discusses the significance of critical minerals (CMs) in modern technology and national security, highlighting their essential role in Canada’s economy and energy transition.
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