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![Figure 1: Sketch of the evolution of the Universe over the last 13.77 billion years. It started with the Big Bang, followed by an extremely short period of rapid exponential expansion. The furthest we can see is the cosmic microwave background, when radiation decoupled from matter, approximately 380,000 years after the Big Bang. This is followed by the ‘dark ages,’ during which this radiation redshifted from the visible regime into infrared and sub-mm wavelengths. The occurrence of the first stars, about 400 million years after the Big Bang, ended this phase, spearheading the formation of galaxies as we see them today. [Credit: NASA/WMAP Science Team, public domain]](https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Fig-1_1200-218x150.jpg "How did the first stars form in space?")
How did the first stars form in space?
Ralf Klessen, professor of theoretical astrophysics at Heidelberg University, investigates the physical processes that governed the formation of the first generation of stars in the early Universe.
No safe haven: Why business leaders must act now to address Earth’s polycrisis
As hurricanes devastate former climate havens, learn why business leaders must embrace Sustainable Strategic Management to address Earth’s polycrisis before it’s too late.
Advancing space robotics: AI-driven innovation for lunar exploration and orbital operations
Dr. Sean Kalaycioglu, Toronto Metropolitan University Researcher and AIMechatroniX Inc. President, explores advancing AI-enabled space robotics for lunar exploration and orbital operations.
Large-scale data fusion in astronomy
Peter Melchior, Assistant Professor of Statistical Astronomy from Princeton University, provides a compelling analysis of large-scale data fusion in astronomy.
Fusion propulsion for exploring the solar system and beyond
Dr Kelvin F Long, Aerospace Engineer and Astrophysicist, leads the Interstellar Research Centre, a division of Stellar Engines Ltd. He argues that fusion propulsion will enable the full exploration of the solar system and beyond.
Astrophysical and planetary sciences: Exploring the local interstellar medium and the next space frontier
Prof Jeffrey L Linsky from the University of Colorado Boulder, sheds light on exploring the next space frontier in this exciting astrophysical and planetary sciences focus.
What remains when two neutron stars collide?
Distinguished Professor Susan M. Scott and Dr Karl Wette from the Australian National University examine what remains when two neutron stars collide in this exciting gravitational astrophysics focus.
Emergent dimensionality: Exploring all possible (and unobservable) extra dimensions
Dr Szymon Łukaszyk, Łukaszyk Patent Attorneys, explains emergent dimensionality, exotic R4, ‘life as the explanation of the measurement problem’, and personal motivations.
Pioneers project: Looking inside planetary interiors
PIONEERS European project develops the next generation of instruments that will reveal planetary interiors, explains Professor Raphael F. Garcia from ISAE-SUPAERO.
Space exploration in schools: COSPAR’s Panel on Education is helping to prepare tomorrow’s space...
COSPAR's dedicated Panel supports today's science teachers for tomorrow's space exploration.
