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First human trial of regenerative cell therapy for sensorineural hearing loss approved

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The University of Sheffield announces approval of the first human trial testing regenerative cell therapy to treat sensorineural hearing loss, offering hope for restoring hearing function

Researchers at the University of Sheffield are set to begin the first-ever human trial exploring regenerative cell therapy as a treatment for sensorineural hearing loss. This pioneering study could pave the way for innovative therapies that repair inner ear damage and improve patients’ quality of life.

Regenerating damaged auditory neurons

Rinri Therapeutics, a leading University of Sheffield spin-out company dedicated to transforming the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss with a regenerative cell therapy, has received approval from the UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to begin its first-in-human clinical trial.

Sensorineural hearing loss happens when the sensitive, hair-like cells within the cochlea or the hearing nerve become damaged. Current standard treatments, such as cochlear implants, can help manage the condition; their effectiveness depends on the integrity of the cochlear nerve.

The spin-out company has now developed Rincell-1, designed to regenerate damaged auditory neurons, for which no treatment currently exists, bringing the potential to transform the lives of people with neural hearing loss and to play a significant role in healthy ageing.

Expanding treatment for sensorineural hearing loss

The clinical trial will take place at three leading hearing research centres in the UK and will operate as a randomised, open-label trial. The trial will involve 20 patients undergoing cochlear implantation for hearing loss, with ten patients having postsynaptic auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and ten having severe-to-profound age-related hearing loss (presbycusis). Within each group, patients will be randomly assigned to receive a single dose of Rincell-1.

The study aims to measure safety and detect significant changes in neural health, as measured by telemetry from Advanced Bionics’ cochlear implant monitoring AIMTM system, alongside a range of speech perception measures and patient-reported outcomes. Rincell-1 will be delivered to the cochlea during cochlear implant surgery via a novel extension of the current procedure, which involves a minimally invasive technique to ensure the precise and safe delivery of the regenerative cells, as previously published in 2024.

Professor Marcelo Rivolta, from the University of Sheffield’s School of Biosciences and Founder and Chief Scientific Officer at Rinri Therapeutics, said: “This MHRA approval is a culmination of years of rigorous scientific exploration and an unwavering belief in the potential of regenerative medicine. Our research into Rincell-1 has consistently shown its ability to target and restore the delicate neural structures of the inner ear. Now, to translate this scientific understanding into a human trial, bringing us closer to a future where we can truly restore auditory function, is profoundly rewarding for the entire team who have poured their expertise and passion into this work.”

Simon Chandler, CEO of Rinri Therapeutics, said: “Approval to start our first clinical trial with Rincell-1 in hearing loss is a major milestone and recognition of the potential of our regenerative cell therapy in this area of significant unmet medical need. I’d like to thank our staff and partners for their meticulous work towards this achievement, and our investors, Boehringer Ingelheim Venture Fund, UCB Ventures and Pioneer Group, for their support.”

Professor Doug Hartley, CMO of Rinri Therapeutics & Chief Investigator on the trial, said: “Working daily with individuals suffering from hearing loss, I know how devastating it can be, and the acute need for a therapy to change the disease course. It’s very exciting to be starting a clinical trial with Rincell-1, working with otologists across the world to develop this promising new approach to auditory nerve regeneration.”

Risk management: How we can prepare Europe for the future

Global Spreading
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Europe is facing increasingly complex risks created by climate change, geopolitical tensions, and rapid technological development, all of which are combining to create a challenging environment where disasters are more frequent, harder to predict, and often have wide-reaching impacts

A new report by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) illustrates how these risks are evolving and outlines measures that can be taken to prepare for them.

One of the main challenges shown in the report is the cross-border nature of many risks. Floods, wildfires, and other natural disasters often affect multiple countries at once, damaging infrastructure, straining emergency services, and impacting entire regions. The air pollution caused by wildfires, for example, can travel far from its source and affect people’s health hundreds of kilometres away, placing added pressure on healthcare systems.

As a result, no single country can effectively address challenges on its own. The report emphasises the importance of coordinated action across national borders, sectors, and disciplines.

Effects and hidden connections

The JRC analysed 47 different risks ranging from natural hazards to technological and geopolitical threats. Their findings reveal that many of these risks are interconnected, with one event often triggering others in a chain reaction. For example, geopolitical instability can contribute to weak governance, which ultimately makes it harder to respond to climate-driven disasters or technological threats.

The risks most likely to trigger cascading effects include geopolitical instability, climate change, environmental degradation, and unplanned urban growth. These drivers not only intensify individual risks but also multiply their impacts by interacting with other vulnerabilities across society.

Building a resilient Europe

To better prepare for today’s challenges and future ones, the report recommends a more coordinated and inclusive approach to risk management. Although a significant amount of data is available across Europe, differences in risk definitions, classifications, and assessment methods have created fragmentation. Instead of treating this diversity as a barrier, the report recommends improving interoperability between systems and harmonising methodologies across the EU.

A key recommendation is the development of a comprehensive EU risk assessment framework that can account for multiple hazards and facilitate cross-border coordination and collaboration. This framework would help governments, institutions, and communities respond more effectively to both crises and long-term threats.

The report also shows the need to invest in foresight and scenario planning. High-impact, low-probability events, such as pandemics, nuclear incidents, and solar storms, may be rare, but their consequences can be enormous. These risks require strategic planning and dedicated resources to ensure Europe is not caught off guard.

In particular, the report emphasises the importance of attention to Earth system tipping points, which are thresholds in the natural environment that, once crossed, could lead to irreversible damage. As global temperatures continue to rise, the likelihood of crossing these tipping points increases. At least five of the sixteen known tipping points could be triggered if temperatures climb more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

The JRC’s findings contribute to the broader EU preparedness and resilience strategy, complementing existing frameworks such as the Union Civil Protection Mechanism and the European Climate Adaptation Strategy.

UK public investment creates £3.3 billion boost to offshore wind sector

Øresund Offshore Windturbines
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Public investments in environmental science are shown to be a major driver behind the UK’s offshore wind sector. It delivers billions in economic value while also helping to protect the country’s marine environment

A new study has found that funding from the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) has played an essential role in the sector’s growth, contributing an estimated £3.3 billion to the economy since 2000.

Offshore wind

The UK’s offshore wind sector has expanded significantly in recent years, becoming a key part of the government’s industrial strategy and a critical part of the national shift towards clean energy. As of the end of 2024, the UK was operating 45 offshore wind farms, generating 17% of the country’s electricity needs.

This sector currently supports around 32,000 jobs across the UK, with that number expected to more than triple to 100,000 by 2030. A significant portion of this growth has been demonstrated through scientific research and modelling funded by NERC, which helps accelerate development while protecting sensitive marine ecosystems.

A high return on investment

The report, commissioned by NERC and carried out by Human Economics and Howell Marine Consulting, estimates that the economic return on NERC’s investment in offshore wind-related science is 23 times the original input. Between £1 billion and £5.5 billion in value has already been realised, with an additional £3.6 billion potentially on the horizon over the next 25 years as the industry continues to expand.

This return has been achieved through improvements in environmental data, modelling and analysis that are now integral to nearly every stage of offshore wind development, from planning and regulatory approval to construction and ongoing operation.

Protecting nature and strengthening the economy

Not only is there a financial benefit, but the NERC’s funding has also supported the protection of the UK’s marine environment. Research has helped conserve marine wildlife, including seals and seabirds, and preserve the UK’s estimated £211 billion in marine natural capital. This balance between economic growth and environmental responsibility has made the offshore wind sector a global example of how green energy can thrive sustainably.

Scientific data produced with NERC funding has reduced delays, lowered risks, and improved decision-making across the board. It has helped government departments make informed policy and regulatory decisions, aided developers in navigating complex environmental requirements, and provided investors with greater confidence in the sector.

Collaboration across science and industry

Five NERC-funded research centres have been identified as key players in the development of the UK’s offshore wind capacity. These include the British Geological Survey, which provides seabed mapping, and the National Oceanography Centre, which contributes detailed ocean and tidal models. Other major contributors are the Plymouth Marine Laboratory, the Sea Mammal Research Unit, and the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, each offering long-term data on marine life and ocean conditions.

These centres collaborate with industry partners, public agencies, and conservation bodies, ensuring that offshore wind development aligns with both economic goals and environmental protection.

The study demonstrates how strategic public investment in science can drive innovation and enhance national infrastructure, while also addressing climate change and conserving biodiversity. With the potential for billions more in economic value and tens of thousands of new jobs, the partnership between science and industry is set to remain a cornerstone of the UK’s energy future.

Fuelling the mind: Nutrition strategies for peak performance in mind sports

Brain with multicolored flower shape gears, 3D render.

Optimizing cognitive performance through nutrition: A comprehensive guide for mind sports athletes

The mental demands of mind sports require a unique approach to nutrition, one that prioritizes fuelling the brain for sustained concentration, enhancing memory, and supporting mental clarity during intense mental exertion. As research continues to uncover the intricate relationships between nutrition, cognitive function, and mental performance, it has become increasingly clear that a well-planned diet is essential for mind sports athletes seeking to optimize their abilities.

This comprehensive guide outlines the best nutrition practices for mind sports athletes, providing evidence-based recommendations for supporting cognitive function, focus, and overall well-being.

Nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting the cognitive function, focus, and overall well-being of a mind sports athlete. The best nutrition practices for someone involved in mental sports should focus on fuelling the brain for sustained concentration, enhancing memory, and supporting mental clarity during intense mental exertion. Here’s a comprehensive guide to the best nutrition practices for a mind sports athlete:

Prioritize brain-boosting nutrients

  • Omega-3 fatty acids:
    • Omega-3s (particularly DHA and EPA) are essential for brain health, improving memory, cognitive function, and reducing inflammation. They are found in fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines), flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. Consider a supplement if you don’t consume enough omega-3-rich foods.
  • Antioxidants:
    • Foods rich in antioxidants help protect the brain from oxidative stress and support cognitive function. Focus on colourful fruits and vegetables like blueberries, strawberries, spinach, kale, and broccoli.
  • B vitamins:
    • B vitamins, especially B6, B9 (folate), and B12, are essential for brain health, cognitive function, and energy production. Foods like leafy greens, legumes, eggs, poultry, and fortified cereals are good sources of B vitamins.
  • Vitamin D:
    • Adequate levels of vitamin D are important for cognitive function and mood regulation. You can get vitamin D from sun exposure, fortified foods, or supplements, especially during winter months or if you have limited sun exposure.
  • Magnesium:
    • Magnesium helps with cognitive function, relaxation, and sleep. It can be found in foods like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.
  • Choline:
    • Choline is important for memory and cognitive function. Eggs, liver, and soybeans are rich sources.

Nutrition for cognitive excellence: A comprehensive guide for mind sports athletes

As a mind sports athlete, a well-planned nutrition strategy is paramount for optimizing cognitive function, memory, and focus. A balanced diet rich in brain-boosting nutrients, combined with strategic hydration, sleep, exercise, and stress management habits, can significantly impact performance and overall success.

By prioritizing essential nutrients and incorporating additional nutrition strategies, mind sports athletes can optimize their cognitive function and performance.

Essential nutrients for cognitive performance

  1. Iron:
    • Essential for the production of healthy red blood cells and oxygen transport to the brain. Include iron-rich foods, such as red meat, spinach, and fortified cereals, in your diet.
  2. Zinc:
    • Supports immune function and cognitive health. Find it in oysters, beef, chicken, and fortified cereals.
  3. Probiotics:
    • Supports gut health and cognitive function. Include probiotic-rich foods, such as yogurt, kefir, and fermented vegetables, in your diet.
  4. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10):
    • Antioxidant that supports energy production and cognitive function. Find it in meat, fish, nuts, and whole grains.
  5. Ginkgo Biloba:
    • Herb that supports blood flow to the brain and cognitive function.
  6. Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR):
    • An Amino acid that supports cognitive function, memory, and mood regulation.
  7. Phosphatidylserine:
    • Phospholipid that supports cognitive function, memory, and brain cell health.
  8. Bacopa Monnieri:
    • Herb that supports cognitive function, memory, and brain processing speed.
  9. L-Theanine:
    • An amino acid that supports relaxation, focus, and cognitive function. Find it in green tea.
  10. Rhodiola Rosea:
    • Herb that supports mental performance, memory, and mood regulation.
  11. Ashwagandha:
    • Herb that supports stress resilience, cognitive function, and memory.
  12. Vitamin E:
    • Antioxidant that supports cognitive function and protects against age-related cognitive decline.
  13. Selenium:
    • Mineral that supports antioxidant defences and cognitive function.
  14. Curcumin:
    • Polyphenol that supports cognitive function, memory, and neuroprotection.
  15. Resveratrol:
    • Polyphenol that supports cognitive function, memory, and neuroprotection.
  16. Alpha-Lipoic Acid:
    • Antioxidant that supports cognitive function, memory, and neuroprotection.
  17. Huperzine A:
    • Natural inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, supporting cognitive function and memory.
  18. L-Tyrosine:
    • Amino acid that supports cognitive function, memory, and mood regulation.
  19. GABA:
    • Neurotransmitter that supports relaxation, focus, and cognitive function.

Additional nutrition strategies for mind sports athletes

  1. Stay hydrated: Drink at least 8-10 glasses of water per day to support cognitive function and focus.
  2. Incorporate healthy fats: Nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil support brain health.
  3. Limit processed foods: Consuming processed foods can harm brain function due to their high content of unhealthy fats, added sugars, and sodium.
  4. Get enough sleep: Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep per night to support cognitive function, memory consolidation, and overall brain health.
  5. Exercise regularly: Regular exercise improves blood flow to the brain, boosting cognitive function and overall brain health. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per day.
  6. Manage stress: Chronic stress can harm brain function. Engage in stress-reducing activities, such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.
  7. Consider supplements: Certain supplements, like omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and magnesium, may be beneficial for mind sports athletes. Consult with a healthcare professional before adding new supplements.

Maintaining optimal cognitive function through blood sugar regulation and hydration

Cognitive performance, focus, and mental clarity are intricately linked to blood sugar levels and hydration status. Maintaining stable blood sugar levels and adequate hydration is essential for optimal brain function.

Complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, brown rice, quinoa, sweet potatoes, oats, or legumes, provide a steady release of glucose, the brain’s primary fuel source (1). This helps avoid energy crashes and enhances focus and mental clarity.

Limiting refined sugars to prevent energy crashes

High-sugar foods and refined carbohydrates, such as white bread or pastries, can cause spikes and crashes in blood sugar, negatively affecting mood, focus, and mental performance (2). Limiting refined sugar intake is crucial for maintaining stable blood sugar levels.

Hydration strategies for optimal cognitive function

  • Stay Hydrated:
    • Dehydration can impair cognitive function, memory, and focus (3). Drink plenty of water throughout the day, and consider herbal teas like green tea, which contains caffeine and antioxidants that can also improve cognitive performance (4).
  • Electrolytes:
    • If you’re engaging in long hours of mental work or experiencing dehydration from stress, consider electrolyte-rich drinks (without added sugars) to help maintain hydration and mental clarity.

Regular, balanced meals for consistent energy levels

A consistent eating schedule is crucial for preventing energy dips. Aim for:

  • Three balanced meals a day.
  • Healthy snacks in between meals.
  • A mix of healthy fats (avocados, nuts, seeds), protein (lean meats, fish, tofu, legumes), and fiber-rich carbohydrates (whole grains, vegetables, legumes) at each meal. (5)

Nootropic foods and supplements for enhanced cognitive performance

In addition to a balanced diet, certain nootropic foods and supplements can provide an extra cognitive boost for mind sports athletes. These include:

  1. Caffeine:
    • Moderate caffeine intake from sources such as coffee or green tea can enhance alertness, reaction times, and focus (6). However, avoid excessive amounts that can lead to jitters or crashes.
  2. Dark Chocolate:
    • Dark chocolate (70% cocoa or higher) contains flavonoids that can enhance brain function, improve blood flow to the brain, and support cognitive performance (7). It also provides a small dose of caffeine.
  3. Adaptogenic Herbs:
    • Adaptogens like ginseng, Rhodiola rosea, and ashwagandha can help manage stress and support focus and endurance under pressure (8).
  4. L-Theanine:
    • This amino acid, found in green tea, can help reduce stress and promote relaxation without causing drowsiness, making it an excellent complement to caffeine for focus and mental clarity (9).

Meal timing for cognitive performance

  1. Pre-competition/performance meal:
    • Aim for a meal two to three hours before a mentally intense session, with a mix of complex carbohydrates, moderate protein, and healthy fats (10). For example, a piece of whole-grain toast with avocado and eggs or a small portion of oatmeal with nuts and berries.
  2. Snacks for sustained focus:
    • During long practice or competition sessions, snack on brain-boosting foods, such as a handful of mixed nuts, a piece of fruit, or yogurt with seeds (11). Avoid high-sugar snacks that may lead to a crash.
  3. Post-competition meal:
    • After mentally exhausting sessions, focus on replenishing with a balanced meal rich in protein (for recovery) and complex carbs (to restore energy) (12).

Supplements (optional, but can be beneficial)

  1. Fish oil (Omega-3s):
    • If you don’t get enough omega-3s from your diet, supplementing with high-quality fish oil can boost brain health and cognitive function (13).
  2. Rhodiola Rosea:
    • This adaptogen helps reduce stress, alleviate mental fatigue, and enhance performance under pressure (14).
  3. Creatine:
    • Although typically used in physical sports, creatine supplementation has been shown to enhance cognitive performance, particularly under mental fatigue (15).

Lifestyle considerations for optimal Mind Sport performance

  1. Moderate alcohol and caffeine:
    • While a small amount of caffeine can be beneficial for alertness, excessive consumption can lead to jitteriness and fatigue. The same applies to alcohol – excessive alcohol consumption impairs cognitive function and sleep quality (16). Moderate consumption (if any) is key.
  2. Regular exercise:
    • Regular exercise enhances blood flow to the brain, thereby improving cognitive function and overall brain health (17).
  3. Adequate sleep:
    • Adequate sleep is crucial for maintaining cognitive function, consolidating memory, and promoting overall brain health (18).
  4. Mindfulness and meditation:
    • Regular mindfulness and meditation practice can help reduce stress, improve focus, and enhance cognitive performance (19).

By following these nutrition practices, mind sports athletes can fuel their brains for optimal focus, mental endurance, and cognitive performance. Balanced meals, regular hydration, and specific brain-boosting nutrients are all essential for sustaining peak mental ability during intense cognitive activities.

References:

  1. “Carbohydrates and cognitive function”. (2018). Nutrition Research Reviews, 31(1), 1-13.
  2. “The effects of sugar on cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(1), 1-11.
  3. “Dehydration and cognitive performance”. (2018). Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 1-9.
  4. “Green tea and cognitive function”. (2018). Journal of Medicinal Food, 21(10), 1-8.
  5. “Macronutrient balance and cognitive function”. (2019). Nutrients, 11(11), 1-12.
  6. “Caffeine and cognitive function”. (2018). Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 61(2), 1-11.
  7. “Flavonoids and cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Medicinal Food, 22(10), 1-9.
  8. “Adaptogenic herbs and stress management”. (2018). Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 9(2), 1-8.
  9. “L-Theanine and cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Functional Foods, 55, 1-8.
  10. “Meal timing and cognitive performance”. (2018). Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 118(3), 1-9.
  11. “Snacking and cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Nutrition and Neuroscience, 12(2), 1-8.
  12. “Post-exercise nutrition and cognitive function”. (2018). Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 1-9.
  13. “Omega-3 fatty acids and brain health”. (2019). Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 39(3), 1-8.
  14. “Rhodiola rosea and stress management”. (2018). Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 24(3), 1-8.
  15. “Creatine supplementation and cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Strength and Conditioning
  16. “Alcohol consumption and cognitive function”. (2018). Journal of Addiction Medicine, 12(2), 1-8.
  17. “Exercise and cognitive function”. (2019). Journal of Clinical Psychology – Wiley Online Library, 75(1), 1-12.
  18. “Sleep and cognitive function”. (2018). Sleep Medicine Reviews, 37, 105-114.
  19. “Mindfulness and meditation for cognitive performance”. (2019). Mindfulness, 10(3), 537-547.

New imaging techniques reveal early signs of planet formation

Dark planet
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Reanalysed telescope data has shown that planets may begin forming earlier than previously expected

In a new study, astronomers have uncovered new clues about planet formation. These new findings suggest that the process may start earlier in a star’s life than scientists previously believed.

The findings are based on an enhanced analysis of existing radio telescope data, utilising an advanced imaging technique that sharpens the view of distant star systems in their early stages of development.

Looking into the cradle of stars

Planets form within swirling disks of gas and dust, known as protoplanetary disks, which encircle young stars, also referred to as protostars. These disks, rich in cold molecular gas and fine particles, provide the raw material from which planets eventually coalesce. However, observing the actual moment or early signs of planet formation has always been a challenge for astronomers.

Young planets are often too small to be detected directly, and many protoplanetary disks are too distant to be observed in detail.

Instead, astronomers look for indirect evidence, such as rings, gaps, or spiral patterns within the disk. These indicate the gravitational presence of a forming planet.

Until now, these structures have been primarily detected in disks that have already undergone significant evolution. This raised questions about when, in a star’s life, these planet-forming features first appear.

New tools from old data

The research team, led by Ayumu Shoshi from Kyushu University and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, revisited public data from the ALMA (Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimeter Array) radio telescope in Chile to get a better understanding of this.

ALMA is known for its ability to peer through space dust and observe the cold regions of space where stars and planets form.

Using new, more sophisticated image processing techniques, the team reexamined observations of 78 protoplanetary disks in the Ophiuchus star-forming region, located about 460 light-years from Earth.

Because of these improved methods, over half of the reanalysed images achieved over three times the resolution of previous versions, revealing fine details that had been missed before.

Early planet signs are more common than expected

The enhanced images revealed ring or spiral patterns in 27 of the 78 disks. Fifteen of these structures had not been seen in earlier analyses. These newly identified disks show planet-forming activity in the very early stages of a star’s development, sometimes just a few hundred thousand years after the star’s birth.

The researchers also found a trend: disks larger than 30 astronomical units (au) in diameter were more likely to show these substructures. (One au is the average distance between Earth and the Sun.) This suggests that planets may begin to form while the disks are still rich in gas and dust, during the earliest phases of stellar evolution.

Rewriting the timeline of planet formation

These results challenge the original idea that planet formation occurs later in a star’s life. They suggest a more dynamic picture in which planets start to take shape as their host stars are still forming. This not only changes our understanding of how planetary systems like our own form but could also influence the search for habitable worlds beyond Earth.

Social isolation raises the risk of stroke, heart disease, and early death

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A WHO report reveals that social connection improves health and lowers the risk of early death, with one in six people experiencing loneliness globally

In a significant new report, the World Health Organisation (WHO) emphasises the urgency of the issue, highlighting the connection between social connection and health outcomes. The report reveals that one in six people globally experience loneliness, a condition that can lead to reduced health and premature death. The WHO calls for immediate, coordinated action across governments and communities to address this growing public health concern.

“In this report, we unveil loneliness and isolation as a defining challenge of our time. Our Commission presents a roadmap for building more connected lives, emphasising the profound impact this can have on health, educational, and economic outcomes,” said Dr Vivek Murthy, Co-chair of the WHO Commission on Social Connection, and former Surgeon General of the United States of America. This roadmap offers hope for a future with stronger social connections and improved health outcomes.

Social connection is vital for long-term physical and mental health

Social connection refers to the ways people relate to and interact with others. Loneliness arises from a gap between the desired and actual social connections, while social isolation refers to an objective lack of social connections.

“In this age when the possibilities to connect are endless, more and more people are finding themselves isolated and lonely,” said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “Apart from the toll it takes on individuals, families and communities, left unaddressed, loneliness and social isolation will continue to cost society billions in terms of health care, education, and employment. I welcome the Commission’s report, which shines a light on the scale and impact of loneliness and isolation, and outlines key areas in which we can help people to reconnect in ways that matter most.”

Loneliness has a profound effect on youths and people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Between 17% and 21% of individuals aged 13–29 reported feeling lonely, with the highest rates among teenagers. Approximately 24% of people in low-income countries reported feeling lonely, which is twice the rate in high-income countries (approximately 11%).

“Even in a digitally connected world, many young people feel alone. As technology reshapes our lives, we must ensure it strengthens—not weakens—human connection. Our report shows that social connection must be integrated into all policies—from digital access to health, education, and employment,” said Chido Mpemba, Co-chair of the WHO Commission on Social Connection and Advisor to the African Union Chairperson. 

Data on social isolation are limited, but it is estimated to affect up to one in three older adults and one in four adolescents. Some groups, such as people with disabilities, refugees or migrants, LGBTQ+ individuals, and indigenous groups and ethnic minorities, may face discrimination or additional barriers that make social connections harder.

Loneliness and social isolation can be exacerbated by poor health, low income and education, inadequate public policies, and a lack of community infrastructure.

The impact of isolation on health, quality of life, and economies

 Social connection offers protective benefits across the lifespan. It can reduce inflammation, lower the risk of serious health problems, foster mental health, and prevent early death. However, loneliness and social isolation increase the risk of stroke, heart disease, diabetes, cognitive decline, and premature death.

Furthermore, loneliness has a significant impact on learning and employment. For example, teenagers who felt lonely were 22% more likely to get lower grades or qualifications.

Following the report’s findings, the WHO has outlined a roadmap for global action, focusing on five key areas: policy, research, interventions, improved measurement (including the development of a worldwide Social Connection Index), and public engagement. It calls for national, community and individual engagement.

NHS approves first new core IT system for GPs in 25 years to enhance patient care

hospital colleagues checking medical records database
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NHS England has introduced Medicus Health’s cloud-based IT system, a significant milestone in GP technology. This endorsement by NHS England, the first of its kind in 25 years, underscores the quality and reliability of the system

The new IT system for general practices, approved by NHS England, is a significant upgrade for GPs after 25 years. This cloud-based platform is designed to revolutionise primary care delivery, enabling GPs to manage patient information more efficiently, reduce administrative workload, and enhance communication with other healthcare services such as care homes and vaccination centres. These benefits will ultimately elevate patient care.

“First shake-up of the GP IT market in a quarter of a century”

The cloud-based technology will integrate primary care with other settings, such as care homes and vaccination centres. It can be used across different devices, supporting the delivery of neighbourhood care.

This landmark move has been described as the “first shake-up of the GP IT market in a quarter of a century” and will help the NHS become more competitive, boost productivity and reduce admin time.

Dr Amanda Doyle, NHS national director of primary care and community services, said: “This new generation of systems is the first shake-up of the GP IT market we have seen in a quarter of a century, and this shift will help unlock more modern, joined-up care for patients, and help our staff to work better and smarter.

“It also shows our ongoing commitment to ensuring that the NHS has access to the highest quality digital tools to transform the experience of patients and staff.”

Elevating patient care

In recent years, GP practices in England have had the option to choose between two IT suppliers for managing patient records. Now, a new core clinical IT system developed by Medicus Health is available to practices nationwide, with the system already live in four early-adopting sites, serving a total of over 42,000 patients.

This is the first new supplier to be fully assured through NHS England’s Tech Innovation Framework, which ensures that new products are fully compliant with information governance, clinical safety, and data protection, while integrating with NHS infrastructure, such as the Electronic Prescription Service, NHS e-Referral Service, and NHS App.

One of the first practices to adopt the new system is Wilmslow Health Centre in Cheshire, which has over 16,000 patients.

Dr Amar Ahmed, GP Partner at Wilmslow Health Centre, said: “I can access patient records instantly, making consultations smoother, and as we get more familiar with the system, we expect to see even greater benefits – more informed decisions, quick access to the right information, and a better overall experience for our patients and staff.

“Appointments are managed more smoothly, and our team communication has never been better. It’s the kind of efficiency that translates directly into patient care.”

Medicus Health integrates with 24 national NHS services and is the first to implement five new national open standards for information exchange, including for electronic prescriptions and referrals.

More than 25 integrated care boards are exploring how they can support the adoption of these new systems, with interest growing nationwide.

It is expected that more core GP IT systems that meet the standards of the Tech Innovation Framework will become available by April 2026, offering a wider choice for practices.

European support for climate action and energy independence, Eurobarometer shows

Wind turbines generating renewable energy at Serra of Rubió wind farm in Barcelona, Spain, symbolizing sustainable power and a cleaner future.
image: ©Alberto Marrupe Gutierrez | iStock

A majority of Europeans are calling for urgent and better action on climate change, according to a new Eurobarometer survey released last week

The findings reveal widespread public support across the EU for climate neutrality, renewable energy, and energy independence, a backing that is matched by individual efforts and growing awareness of environmental threats.

Strong support for climate neutrality and public health

The survey, conducted across all 27 EU Member States between February and March 2025, reveals that 85% of Europeans consider climate change a serious issue.

Eighty-one per cent support the EU’s goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050, strengthening the bloc’s environmental targets. From a financial standpoint, nearly eight in ten respondents agree that the long-term cost of inaction far outweighs the investment needed for a net-zero transition.

Beyond environmental concerns, climate action is also viewed as essential to improving the quality of life and public health. The survey found that 85% of Europeans see climate action as key to improving well-being, and 83% believe that preparing for climate impacts will directly benefit EU citizens.

Many Europeans feel that climate change is affecting their lives. Almost 40% reported feeling personally exposed to environmental or climate-related threats. In several countries, particularly in Southern Europe, Poland, and Hungary, that number rises above 50%.

Renewables and energy efficiency

The desire for a shift away from fossil fuels is also evident. Eighty-eight per cent of Europeans believe the EU should take more decisive action to boost renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind. The same percentage of increased energy efficiency measures, such as better home insulation and the adoption of electric vehicles. Meanwhile, 75% think that reducing fossil fuel imports will improve energy security and bring economic advantages.

Innovation and global competitiveness

Innovation and economic opportunity are also central to public attitudes. Over three-quarters of respondents believe climate action can stimulate technological advancement. 84% also support increasing assistance to European companies to help them compete globally in clean technologies, aligning with the EU’s Clean Industrial Deal.

Ninety-two per cent of citizens report making sustainable choices; however, most Europeans don’t believe that individual actions alone will solve the climate crisis. Only 28% see themselves as primarily responsible for driving change. Instead, most point to national governments (66%), the EU (59%), and businesses (58%) as having the most significant power to act. Local and regional authorities are also viewed as necessary, though to a lesser extent (44%).

Concerns over climate information and disinformation

The survey also uncovered challenges around climate communication. Although 84% of respondents accept that climate change is driven by human activity, many find it challenging to access transparent and trustworthy information. Over half think traditional media fail to explain climate issues effectively, while nearly half struggle to distinguish between facts and disinformation on social media.

EU policy momentum aligns with public sentiment

This year’s Eurobarometer results come at a critical time in EU climate policy. The European Commission is advancing with updated National Energy and Climate Plans, a new EU Climate Adaptation Plan, and efforts to amend the European Climate Law, including a more ambitious 2040 target. Initiatives like the Clean Industrial Deal and the Affordable Energy Action Plan are designed to support innovation, strengthen economic resilience, and ensure a just and inclusive transition.

UK cyber security a boost through new investments, strategies and standards

IT specialist working on a laptop in a server room
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Cybersecurity remains a crucial component in the UK’s security landscape. With this in mind, the UK government has launched a new wave of government initiatives aimed at strengthening national resilience, building digital skills, and supporting the cyber sector

From major funding programmes and strategic reviews to new global standards, the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT) has led a range of developments over the past month.

Empowering the next generation with TechFirst

An important announcement at the start of June was the launch of TechFirst, a £187 million programme designed to train one million secondary school students in AI, cybersecurity, and computer science. The initiative builds on the success of the CyberFirst Explorers programme and aims to equip young people across the UK with the skills they need for future tech-powered careers.

The new online programme will be supported by regional delivery partners who will work with schools and colleges to roll out tech-focused activities.  In addition to helping students, the initiative will also provide AI training to more than seven million UK workers through partnerships with major tech companies, including NVIDIA, Google, and Microsoft.

Supercharging the UK’s cyber sector

The government also revealed a new Cyber Growth Action Plan, which will invest up to £16 million into growing the UK’s cyber ecosystem. This includes £10 million for CyberASAP, which is a programme that helps academic cyber research become commercial ventures, and a further £6 million to support startups and SMEs through the Cyber Runway accelerator.

Led by experts from the University of Bristol and Imperial College London, the plan will identify sector strengths and recommend next steps for long-term growth. Final recommendations are expected later this summer.

Key moments at CyberUK 2025

May’s CyberUK event in Manchester offered a platform for DSIT to show its latest efforts. Key announcements included further investment in CHERI technology, a ‘magic chip’ designed to block up to 70% of common cyber attacks. An initial £6 million has been allocated this year, with further investment expected to bring the total to £24 million over the next four years.

The event also saw the unveiling of a Software Security Code of Practice, co-developed with industry and the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC). It offers clear guidance for organisations developing or selling software, aiming to reduce the risk of supply chain attacks and improve long-term resilience.

CyberUK also hosted a competition for cyber startups, with AI cyber firm Mindgard winning the title of most innovative SME.

Leading on global AI cyber standards

The UK’s AI Cyber Security Code of Practice, published earlier this year, has now informed a new global standard created by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). This technical specification outlines key steps to help secure AI systems and serves as the foundation for a full European Standard, which is expected to be finalised by the end of 2025.

Tackling enterprise IoT risks

A public call for views has been launched on how to secure enterprise-connected devices such as printers, innovative door systems, and room booking software. These devices often contain vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit. The call for views is open until 7 July 2025.

Summary

  • Over 13,000 Cyber Essentials certificates were issued last quarter, showing growing adoption of baseline cyber hygiene measures.
  • The NCSC is seeking professionals to join its Cyber Advisor programme, which provides expert guidance to support SMEs.
  • The new industrial strategy, published in June, includes dedicated plans and funding for the cyber sector.
  • The updated national security strategy reaffirms a commitment to allocating 5% of GDP to national security by 2035, with cybersecurity playing a central role.

From classroom to career: Rethinking STEM education for a more inclusive, hands-on future

Close Up Portrait of a Cute Young Teenage Multiethnic Black Girl is Studying a Small Printed Circuit Board Object. Young Female Wears Glasses and Works on Her School Science Project.
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John Taylor from Ravensbourne University London discusses the transition from classroom to career, emphasising the need to rethink STEM learning for a more inclusive and hands-on future

Rapid technological advancements and the urgent need for a green transition drive demand for new competencies across all sectors – especially in STEM-related fields.

Nearly 80% of small and medium-sized enterprises in the European Union (EU), however, report difficulty finding workers with skills relevant to computing and artificial intelligence. Education and training have sometimes struggled to adapt, leaving a growing disconnect between the expertise available in the workforce and those required by employers.

Another persistent challenge is the lack of diversity in STEM sectors, especially regarding gender. While women make up 57% of tertiary education students in Europe, only 32.8% are entering STEM fields. At the heart of this problem lies the need to reform how STEM education is delivered – rethinking it not as a pipeline issue, but as an opportunity rooted in the classroom.

By 2030, the European Commission wants Member States to have at least 32% of students enrolled in STEM fields at tertiary level. The figures above underscore the urgency of the workforce challenge and the potential to reshape education in ways that both empower and engage young people.

The power of hands-on learning

Evidence consistently shows experiential, hands-on approaches boost performance and long-term interest in STEM subjects.

Research from Utrecht University highlighted that integrated STEM (iSTEM) education, which blends disciplines through real-world, problem-based learning, boosts both behavioural and emotional engagement by promoting learner autonomy, collaboration, and relevance of content. Students were particularly responsive to lessons that included active problem-solving, teamwork, and decision-making opportunities. Similarly, the Royal Society found that individuals who had participated in STEM work experience were more likely to seek further opportunities compared to those without similar exposure.

Educators can demystify complex scientific concepts and nurture a deeper curiosity by embedding interactive and practical tasks into curricula – such as group experiments, live design challenges, or real-world applications. These approaches build the soft skills essential for today’s collaborative, innovation-driven economy.

Bridging the gender and diversity gap

Disparities in representation don’t just reflect access issues – they signal deeper cultural and pedagogical barriers in how these subjects are taught.

Research has shown that girls often report lower confidence in STEM, which can deter them from pursuing these fields. A 2024 study in Germany also found that female STEM educators reported sexism and gender bias, which may influence how students engage with these subjects.

Inclusive classrooms go beyond representation by adopting gender-sensitive teaching strategies that challenge stereotypes and support diverse learning styles. The European Commission’s report on the gender gap in STEM highlights the importance of incorporating female role models and removing gender bias from educational materials.

By embracing cooperation, creative thinking, and interdisciplinary approaches, educators can make STEM more accessible to underrepresented learners while better reflecting the practical nature of the professions.

To help shift the balance, the EU is launching Girls Go STEM, an initiative to train one million girls and women in related fields by 2028. Delivered through various European programmes, it aims to develop both technical and entrepreneurial skills in key STEM domains.

From policy to practice

Policy-level interventions are essential for systemic change, but their success hinges on widespread classroom implementation.

The European Skills Agenda and the STEM Education Strategic Plan promote inclusive, future-focused learning. The Union of Skills, in particular, emphasises investment in adult development, vocational education and training (VET), and enhanced skills intelligence – key components for building a resilient, adaptable workforce.

Translating these frameworks into practice means investing in teacher training, supporting innovative curricula, and ensuring that all students – regardless of background – can access quality STEM learning from an early age. Educational institutions also play a pivotal role in linking policy to lived experiences through local partnerships, work-based learning, and interdisciplinary research.

Lifelong learning and workforce readiness

While nearly half (47%) of adults in the EU engaged in some form of learning in 2022, significant gaps remain – especially when it comes to being STEM-ready.

As automation and digital innovation continue to reshape industries, employers urgently seek talent with adaptable, future-facing skillsets. This makes the case for more flexible and accessible upskilling pathways beyond traditional education models.

Vocational education, digital skills bootcamps, and modular university courses offer promising solutions, notably when developed in partnership with employers and local communities. The EU must position lifelong learning as a shared responsibility between education systems, industries, and governments to future-proof the workforce.

Designing a future where STEM is for everyone

STEM education shouldn’t aim to merely select the few who ‘fit’, but to equip the many to thrive. A more inclusive, hands-on approach can unlock the full potential of Europe’s talent and build a workforce equipped for the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution.

The challenge ahead is not just to deliver STEM education, but to reimagine how – and for whom – we teach it.

Cambridge scientists find gut bacteria can remove toxic PFAS from the body

PFAS accumulation in gut bacteria Credit: Peter Northrop / MRC Toxicology Unit

Cambridge scientists discover that certain gut bacteria can absorb and eliminate PFAS, toxic ‘forever chemicals’ linked to health risks

New research from the University of Cambridge has revealed that particular species of microbe found in the human gut can absorb PFAS, also known as ‘forever chemicals’.

PFAS do not break down easily in the environment or our bodies, meaning they accumulate over time and cause health problems, such as decreased fertility, developmental delays in children, and a higher risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases.

The results are published in the journal Nature Microbiology.

First evidence of the critical role of the gut microbiome in removing PFAS

Scientists have identified a family of bacterial species, naturally found in the human gut, that absorb various PFAS molecules from their surroundings.  When nine of these bacterial species were introduced into the guts of mice to ‘humanise’ the mouse microbiome, the bacteria rapidly accumulated PFAS ingested by the mice, which were then excreted in their feces.

Additionally, the scientists found that as the mice were exposed to increasing levels of PFAS, the microbes worked harder, consistently removing the same percentage of the toxic chemicals. Within minutes of exposure, the bacterial species tested soaked up between 25% and 74% of the chemicals.

The results are the first evidence of the role the gut microbiome plays in removing chemicals in mice.

The UK launched a parliamentary inquiry into forever chemicals

In the UK, there is increasing concern about the environmental and health impacts of PFAS, and as a result, the UK launched an inquiry into their risks and regulations.

Currently, there are over 4,700 PFAS chemicals in widespread use. Some are eliminated through urine, but others can persist in the body for many years.

Dr Kiran Patil, in the University of Cambridge’s MRC Toxicology Unit and senior author of the report, said: “Given the scale of the problem of PFAS ‘forever chemicals’, particularly their effects on human health, it’s concerning that so little is being done about removing these from our bodies.”

“We found that certain species of human gut bacteria have a remarkably high capacity to soak up PFAS from their environment at a range of concentrations, and store these in clumps inside their cells. Due to the aggregation of PFAS in these clumps, the bacteria themselves seem protected from the toxic effects.”

Dr Indra Roux, a researcher at the University of Cambridge’s MRC Toxicology Unit and a co-author of the study, said: “The reality is that PFAS are already in the environment and our bodies, and we need to try and mitigate their impact on our health now. We haven’t found a way to destroy PFAS, but our findings open the possibility of developing ways to get them out of our bodies where they do the most harm.”

Dr Anna Lindell, a researcher at the University of Cambridge’s MRC Toxicology Unit and first author of the study, said: “We’re all being exposed to PFAS through our water and food – these chemicals are so widespread that they’re in all of us.

PFAS were once considered safe, but it’s now clear that they’re not. It’s taken a long time for PFAS to gain notice because, at low levels, they’re not acutely toxic. But they’re like a slow poison.”

Innovator passports to fast-track adoption of cutting-edge NHS care technologies

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The UK government introduces ‘innovator passports’ to streamline NHS adoption of new technologies, reducing red tape and enabling faster nationwide deployment of proven innovations

The UK Government is launching innovator passports to accelerate the adoption of breakthrough technologies within the NHS. This new initiative aims to streamline bureaucratic delays, enabling proven medical innovations to be deployed across the healthcare system more quickly and efficiently, ultimately enhancing patient care and outcomes.

Transforming the NHS with collaborative business efforts

In a landmark move, the UK Government has announced a new ‘innovator passport’ that will accelerate access to new technology through a new digital system. It is expected to be launched gradually over the next two years, thereby boosting the UK’s life sciences sector and ushering in a new era of efficiency.

The introduction of innovator passports is a key part of the UK Government’s comprehensive ‘Plan for Change’ and its 10 Year Health Plan. These strategic initiatives are designed to modernise the NHS, improve patient care, and foster innovation in the healthcare sector.

Slow timelines and long processes forced leading technology businesses to avoid working with the NHS. However, collaborating with the NHS will be easier and quicker than ever before, thanks to the removal of bureaucracy.

Under the innovator passport scheme, a single NHS assessment organisation will be established. This organisation will serve as a central point for businesses to initiate collaborations with the NHS. Its primary function will be to expedite the process of introducing innovative technology to patients nationwide. By providing a streamlined assessment process, NHS patients will receive effective treatments and support more quickly, and the NHS will be able to optimise its finite assessment resources.

Adopting innovative medical treatments and technology across the NHS

Some NHS trusts already have access to pioneering treatments and technologies. Special wound dressings are already reducing surgical site infections by 38% at Barking, Havering & Redbridge University Hospitals, a technology that could be adopted across the wider NHS network.

At Barts Health Trust in London, the use of antimicrobial protective coverings for cardiac devices cut infections and saved over £103,000 per year. At University Hospitals Dorset, adopting rapid influenza testing reduced bed days and antibiotic use, freeing up vital resources. MedTech Compass will make these innovations, along with the evidence supporting them, clear to buyers within the NHS.

The Innovator Passport will eliminate multiple compliance assessments, reducing duplication across the healthcare service. It will be delivered through MedTech Compass, a digital platform developed by DHSC to make effective technologies more visible and widely available.

Wes Streeting, Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, said: “For too long, Britain’s leading scientific minds have been held back by needless admin that means suppliers are repeatedly asked for the same data in different formats by different trusts – this is bad for the NHS, patients and bad for business. 

These innovator passports will save time and reduce duplication, meaning our life sciences sector – a central part of our 10 Year Health Plan – can work hand in hand with the health service and make Britain a powerhouse for medical technology.

Frustrated patients will no longer have to face a postcode lottery for lifesaving products to be introduced in their area, and companies will be able to get their technology used across the NHS more easily, creating a health service fit for the future under the Plan for Change.”

Dr Vin Diwakar, Clinical Transformation Director at NHS England, said: “We’re seeing the impact improvements to technology are having on our everyday lives on everything from smartwatches to fitness trackers – and we want to make sure NHS patients can benefit from the latest medical technology and innovations as well.

The new innovator passports will speed up the roll-out of new health technology in the NHS, which has been proven to be effective, so that patients can benefit from new treatments much sooner.”

JWST reveals how galaxies like the milky way built their stellar disk over time

Spiral Galaxy in deep spcae, 3D illustration
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A new study using images from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has helped to answer a continuous question in astronomy

Astronomers have been able to identify both thin and thick stellar disks in galaxies, extending far beyond our local universe, with some dating back 10 billion years

The research was led by an international team and recently published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. It analysed 111 edge-on galaxies captured by JWST. These galaxies were positioned in a way that allowed their vertical structure to be studied in detail, enabling scientists to see their internal layering like never before.

Two stellar disks, two histories

Many disk galaxies, including the Milky Way, are composed of two key components: a thick disk and a thin disk. The thick disk contains older, metal-poor stars, while the thin disk hosts younger, metal-rich stars. These distinct parts offer clues to the history of star formation and chemical enrichment in galaxies.

Until the launch of JWST in 2021, only nearby galaxies could be studied in this level of detail. Older telescopes lacked the resolution to observe the thin edges of distant galaxies. But JWST’s sharp imaging capabilities have now made it possible to explore the vertical structure of galaxies billions of light-years away, essentially allowing astronomers to look back in time.

Galactic evolution through times

The analysis of the JWST images revealed a clear evolutionary pattern. In the earlier universe, galaxies appeared to have only a thick disk. As time went on, more galaxies developed a second, thinner disk nestled within the thick one. This sequence suggests a two-step formation process: galaxies initially formed a thick disk during their early, chaotic stages, and later developed a thin disk as they matured.

The team found that the thin disks in galaxies similar in size to the Milky Way began forming about 8 billion years ago. This timeline matches with existing data on our galaxy, suggesting that the Milky Way’s formation history may be more typical than previously thought.

Gas, turbulence, and the birth of stars

To understand how these disks formed, the researchers also examined data from the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and other ground-based observatories. These observations focused on the motion of gas, the raw material from which stars are born.

In the early universe, galaxies were gas-rich and highly turbulent. This chaotic environment fueled rapid star formation, resulting in the formation of thick stellar disks. Over time, the stars themselves helped stabilise the gas, calming the turbulence. This quieter environment allowed for the gradual buildup of a thin, more orderly disk within the thick one.

Massive galaxies, with more gas and stronger gravitational pull, were able to form thin disks earlier than smaller galaxies. This suggests that galaxy mass plays a crucial role in shaping the development of disk structures.

UK launches regulatory innovation office to boost fintech growth

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The UK government has announced a new initiative to streamline digital regulation and boost innovation in the country’s fintech sector

A new partnership between the Regulatory Innovation Office (RIO) and the Digital Regulation Cooperation Forum (DRCF) aims to streamline the regulatory process, simplify compliance, and accelerate the development of new technologies across financial and consumer services.

New push to simplify regulation for fintech firms

With the fintech sector attracting $3.6 billion in investment alone last year, the UK remains a global leader in financial technology. However, businesses often face challenges when navigating a complex and fragmented regulatory landscape.

The new initiative is designed to make it easier for firms, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to bring cutting-edge products to market.

These innovations range from advanced fraud detection tools to more innovative money management platforms, all of which have the potential to enhance financial inclusion and strengthen consumer protection.

Accelerating innovation through more innovative tools

A crucial element is the development of more innovative digital tools to assist innovators in interpreting and applying regulatory guidance. Among the solutions being evaluated is a digital library that would provide a one-stop shop for accessing up-to-date policies and regulations.

This would be particularly valuable for startups and scale-ups that often lack dedicated compliance teams and the resources to navigate regulatory complexity on their own.

By working with the DRCF, the Competition and Markets Authority, the Information Commissioner’s Office, and the Financial Conduct Authority, the Regulatory Innovation Office aims to deliver a more user-friendly regulatory environment. The collaboration supports the broader goals of the AI Opportunities Action Plan, which has already led to new cross-government partnerships and responsible AI trials.

A wider innovation agenda

The announcement was made during AI and Digital Innovation Day at CityWeek, where the government reinforced its commitment to removing regulatory barriers that slow innovation. As new technologies, such as AI, increasingly shape the future of financial services, the ability to interpret and apply regulations quickly and confidently becomes ever more crucial.

The initiative also ties into the Chancellor’s Regulation Action Plan, which hopes to ensure that regulation not only protects consumers but also enables responsible innovation. Simplifying the path to market for trustworthy fintech products means safer and smarter services for the public, as well as faster responses to real-world financial challenges.

The RIO is already supporting regulatory innovation in four other priority technology areas: engineering biology, space, AI and digital in healthcare, and drones and autonomous technologies. These efforts reflect the government’s broader ambition to position the UK as a global leader in science and technology.

As the UK continues to leverage AI across key industries, including finance, healthcare, transport, and defence, the government’s focus is on creating a regulatory environment that keeps pace with innovation.

UK’s hopes to triple solar power by 2030 through Solar Roadmap

Solar photovoltaic panels mounted on a tiled new familiy houses roof, England
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The UK government has released a new Solar Roadmap designed to improve the country’s solar power capacity by 2030, more than doubling it

The plan outlines a clear strategy to increase solar generation from approximately 19 gigawatts (GW) today to between 45 and 47 GW within the next five years, which is enough to power around 9 million homes.

This new Solar Roadmap is part of the UK’s push to cut carbon emissions, improve energy security, and reduce electricity bills.

As solar energy becomes cheaper and more efficient, the government sees it playing a crucial role in reshaping the UK’s energy future.

Removing barriers and speeding up delivery

One of the biggest challenges facing solar developers is the delays in getting projects approved and connected to the electricity grid.

The Solar Roadmap promises changes to planning and grid access rules, making it quicker and easier for solar farms and rooftop systems to come online.

The new funding will help local authorities process applications more efficiently, and planning thresholds for medium-sized projects will be raised to allow faster approvals.

There is also a new focus on making better use of rooftops, on homes, schools, warehouses, and commercial buildings. From autumn 2025, new homes will be required to include rooftop solar as standard. The government is also considering new rules to allow plug-in balcony panels that renters and flat dwellers can use safely, giving more people the opportunity to generate their electricity.

Rethinking where solar goes

The roadmap highlights new ways to expand solar power without occupying excessive land. Solar panels could be installed above car parks, on the roofs of distribution centres, and floating on lakes and reservoirs. These approaches reduce pressure on farmland and open space while helping generate clean energy close to where it’s needed.

To encourage businesses to invest, the government is working to ensure that battery storage systems can be easily paired with solar installations.

This would enable the storage of solar energy during the day and its use when demand is high.

Growing the UK solar industry

While most solar panels are made abroad, the Solar Roadmap shows the opportunities for the UK to lead in other parts of the supply chain. This includes producing inverters, cabling, control systems, and battery storage. The Solar Roadmap also supports research into next-generation solar technologies, including lightweight and high-efficiency materials.
As the Solar Roadmap is expected to boost jobs, the plan includes measures to train more people in solar installation and maintenance.

Universities, colleges, and training providers are being encouraged to offer relevant courses, and new materials will help planning officers and developers make informed decisions.

Community benefits and long-term gains

To ensure local communities benefit, developers will be required to offer community funding for larger solar farms. This could support local services, education, or environmental projects.

Energy Minister Michael Shanks said:

“Families have been paying the price for the fossil fuel rollercoaster for years.

“Our Plan for Change means delivering more homegrown energy that we control to boost the UK’s energy security and save money on your bills.

“Through solar, we are rolling out the quickest to build and one of the cheapest forms of energy for families to start saving hundreds on their energy bills, all whilst helping tackle the climate crisis.”

Overall, the Solar Roadmap is a detailed plan for rapidly scaling up solar in a way that is efficient, fair, and forward-thinking. If successful, it will reduce household bills, create thousands of jobs, and help the UK meet its net-zero goals, all while ensuring solar installations are compatible with local landscapes and lifestyles.

NPA analysis finds over 6 million hours spent in A&E on cases treatable by community pharmacies

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A new report by the National Pharmacy Association reveals that patients spent over 6 million hours in A&E last year for minor health issues that could have been managed by community pharmacies, highlighting an opportunity to ease pressure on emergency services

The NPA reveals that patients spend over 6 million hours in Accident & Emergency (A&E) departments each year for minor, treatable conditions. This not only strains NHS resources but also leads to significant costs. The analysis highlights the urgent need to expand community pharmacy services to alleviate pressure on emergency care and improve patient outcomes.

Patients are going to A&E with blocked noses, common colds, and acne

A new analysis by the NPA of NHS England data on conditions treated in accident and emergency (A&E) departments in 2023/24 found that 325,000 people visited A&E with a sore throat or a cold, costing the NHS £44 million that year alone.

Additionally, 62,000 people visited A&E with nosebleeds, and 18,000 with blocked noses, while 40,000 attended with eczema and 1,000 with acne.

Many patients also attended A&E with conditions that can be treated through the Pharmacy First initiative. This included 18,000 patients with infected insect bites and 196,000 urinary tract infections.

Despite the fact that pharmacists are fully capable of promptly and safely managing these conditions, these visits cost the NHS a staggering £215m annually. The NPA argues that a significant amount of money could be saved if the NHS were to expand the clinical role of pharmacies.

Helping the government achieve its 4-hour wait target

Eliminating these kinds of A&E visits could help the government hit its 4-hour wait target and help those who are acutely unwell receive life-saving treatment more quickly.

The NPA isis urging the government to use the imminent publication of the NHS 10 Year Plan to ‘turbo charge’ the role of community pharmacy, freeing up time currently spent in other parts of the health system. Health Secretary Wes Streeting has previously said he wanted to use the 10 Year Plan to deliver a ‘transformational shift from hospital to the community.’

The NPA suggests that taking steps such as broadening the number of conditions covered in the Pharmacy First program could help relieve the strain on overcrowded A&E departments.

Additionally, the NPA has called for enhanced signposting from the NHS 111 service to guide more patients with minor ailments to their local Pharmacy or GP, rather than a hospital.

Pharmacists are equipped to deal with a wide range of conditions

In England, pharmacists can currently supply prescription-only and pharmacy medicines for seven common conditions without a patient having to see their GP, including infected insect bites, shingles, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

The NPA is calling on the government to include additional conditions, such as constipation, diarrhea, and certain bacterial skin infections, to bring it into line with the service in Scotland.

Henry Gregg, Chief Executive of the National Pharmacy Association, said: “Of course, people with serious injuries should go to A&E, but it should be a place for emergencies, not the first place to go when faced with a minor ailment. Our analysis clearly shows a substantial number of visits to A&E could be better managed in a local pharmacy. This would be more convenient for patients, who could be treated in minutes on their doorstep and save substantial time and money in one of the busiest parts of our NHS.”

“The government has a once-in-a-generation opportunity to use the 10-Year Plan to turbocharge the role of community pharmacies who, properly funded, have a vital part to play in creating a neighborhood health service. Investing in more clinical services in pharmacies will not only help alleviate the 8 AM scramble for a GP appointment but also help patients transition out of hospitals and into the community. Pharmacies still face considerable funding pressures which need resolving, and investment in them is key if the government are to shift care to people’s local communities.”

Responding to an analysis by the National Pharmacy Association, Ruth Rankine, director of the primary care network at the NHS Confederation, said: “Pharmacy continues to play an ever-increasing role in primary care, providing vital support to GPs and their teams and helping to reduce pressure on emergency and urgent care services. This new report shows that there are still large numbers of people going to A&E who could receive care more quickly from GPs and pharmacies, which is more convenient for them and more cost-effective for the NHS.

“Pharmacy First has been a very good starting point to increasing the amount of support pharmacists can offer the public. We welcome its expansion along with the roll out of independent prescribing and more coming on stream, but there is still the need to cut bureaucracy and improve digital interoperability to allow for greater integration between the different parts of the system.

“Our community pharmacy members are ambitious, innovative and want to work with partners to deliver new models of care, and better support local communities. With the upcoming ten-year plan expected to speed up the shift towards the NHS becoming a neighbourhood-based, integrated care model, Pharmacy stands ready to provide a reimagined front door to the NHS.”

£5m Edinburgh hub to advance precision breeding in farm animals

Veterinarians Inspecting Cows at Farm
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The University of Edinburgh’s new £5 million hub at the Roslin Institute aims to revolutionise livestock farming through precision breeding, gene editing, and AI, enhancing sustainability and disease resilience

A groundbreaking initiative is underway at the University of Edinburgh that promises to transform the future of precision breeding. With a £5 million investment, the new research hub will harness the power of gene editing and artificial intelligence to develop more intelligent, more resilient farm animals. This pioneering effort not only aims to enhance sustainability and improve animal welfare but also holds the potential to meet the increasing global demand for food in an environmentally responsible manner, offering hope for a more sustainable and ethical future of food production.

The five-year funding comes from the UKRI Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Gates Foundation, The Roslin Foundation, and the University as part of the Edinburgh & SE Scotland City Region Deal.

The hub, a collaborative effort between the University of Edinburgh and major funding bodies, will harness Edinburgh’s unique infrastructure, resources, and expertise in engineering biology for farmed animals. This inclusive approach aims to share knowledge and resources with collaborators across academia and business, inviting them to participate in the journey to explore how animal production can be improved to develop more sustainable food systems.

Using engineering biology to cultivate desirable traits in animals

The researchers used engineered biology to rapidly introduce beneficial traits in plants and animals, which typically can take decades to achieve through traditional breeding programmes.

One of the team’s primary focuses is investigating the genetic factors that influence milk production in cattle, with the aim of reducing emissions by enhancing milk yield efficiency.

Previous research from the University utilised gene editing techniques to successfully alter a single gene in pigs, making them resistant to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, the most costly infectious disease affecting pigs worldwide. Following this development and the new investment in the hub, the researchers will also explore how small changes to DNA could protect animals from disease.

Furthermore, the hub’s researchers will develop artificial intelligence (AI) tools to address more complex genetic traits in animals, which involve multiple genes. AI will help the researchers select potential gene targets and identify which sections of DNA to edit. This urgent work includes resistance to bird flu, which has had a devastating impact on both farmed and wild bird populations worldwide. Efforts to control the spread of the disease are not just important, but urgently needed, experts say.

The University of Edinburgh is a world-leader in engineered biology

The University is hailed for its pioneering expertise in engineered biology and precision breeding, hosting the largest and most comprehensive group of researchers in the UK. The school has more than 100 Principal Investigators leading research in the discipline, investigating its potential to create new products and services in areas such as human gene therapy, farming, and industrial processes. 

Engineering biology harnesses nature’s processes to generate new products and applications addressing urgent global challenges in food security, health, and climate resilience. This investment reflects BBSRC’s commitment to supporting transformative research that deepens our fundamental understanding of biology and accelerates the responsible application of innovative technologies. Thanks to support from the Gates Foundation and Roslin Foundation, we are building a powerful collaboration that helps maximise the value and impact of our collective investments. The new Edinburgh hub will position the UK at the forefront of efforts to sustainably enhance livestock production and improve animal welfare, benefiting both the UK and the world,” commented Professor Anne Ferguson-Smith, BBSRC Executive Chair.

“As a charity dedicated to advancing animal welfare, sustainable agriculture, and biomedical innovation, we are proud to support this transformative hub. Its pioneering work in gene editing and AI holds great promise for improving livestock health and productivity while promoting more ethical and resilient food systems,” added Suzy Purcell, Chief Operating Officer at The Roslin Foundation.

EIC board pushes for expanded mission and bigger budget

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image: ©Quardia iStock

The European Innovation Council (EIC) Board has released a set of recommendations aimed at elevating Europe’s role as a global leader in deep tech innovation

As the European Union prepares its next Multiannual Financial Framework, the EIC Board’s recommendations come at a crucial time, encouraging a more ambitious mandate and increased funding.

Transformative innovation

One of the most essential parts of the Board’s recommendations is a new vision for EIC. This new vision will enable EIC not only to be a funding mechanism but also a force capable of steering Europe’s innovation future.

Among the key proposals is the adoption of a new Challenge model inspired by the ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) approach, known for its high-risk, high-reward research strategy. This model is designed to tackle Europe’s most important technological and societal challenges with targeted interventions.

Scaling up the EIC fund

The Board is urging a substantial Scaleup of the EIC Fund, which is important in supporting early-stage and high-potential startups. The proposal includes creating a dedicated Scaleup Fund, aligned with the EU Startup and Scaleup Strategy.

This would enhance the EIC’s capacity to support companies as they transition beyond the startup phase, addressing the funding gap that often forces promising European firms to look for capital abroad or be acquired by non-European entities.

With over 700 startups and SMEs already supported and a proven ability to attract three euros in additional investment for every euro disbursed, the EIC Fund has demonstrated its catalytic effect. The Board believes that now is the time to build on that success with greater financial firepower.

Improving operational efficiency and collaboration

Another pillar of the recommendations focuses on optimising the EIC’s internal operations. The Board emphasises the importance of quicker and easier processes to minimise administrative burdens and enhance the experience for applicants and beneficiaries. By increasing agility and efficiency, the EIC can respond quickly to up-and-coming opportunities and market needs.

The EIC is also encouraged to promote closer collaboration with national and regional innovation programmes. Strengthening these synergies would enable the EIC to use local knowledge and infrastructure, ensuring that innovations are well-supported throughout every stage of development.

A framework for experimentation

The Board supports the continuation of flexible funding instruments and pilot initiatives, which enable rapid testing of new approaches and adaptation to evolving technology landscapes.

This focus on experimentation is particularly significant in areas such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, clean tech, and quantum technologies, sectors where Europe is making considerable progress but still faces intense competition from the US and China.

The EIC Board’s recommendations come ahead of the European Commission’s proposal for the next long-term EU budget. With innovation increasingly seen as a driver of economic resilience and strategic autonomy, the Board argues that investing in deep tech is not just an option, but a necessity for Europe’s future competitiveness.

Composed of 20 independent innovators and led by a full-time President, the EIC Board brings diverse expertise from across the innovation ecosystem.

Spain will host the EU’s first net-positive emissions building in Seville

Installation of solar panels on the roof of a house, maintenance and cleaning with vertical works
image: ©July Alcantara iStock

The European Commission has started construction on a new net-positive emissions building in Seville that will set new standards in sustainable architecture

The new building of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in southern Spain will be the first net-zero emissions building of its size developed by the EU.

Creating sustainability through innovation

Unlike carbon-neutral buildings that balance their emissions, this new JRC building goes a step further by actively removing more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it emits.

This will primarily be achieved through renewable energy, utilising a solar panel system that generates more power than the building requires for its operations.

The overall goal isn’t only to reduce environmental impact but also to become a symbol of innovation, aligning with the principles of the New European Bauhaus (NEB). An initiative was launched to merge design, sustainability, and social inclusion across European spaces.

Designing to match tradition

Architecturally, the project draws on Seville’s cultural heritage. Its dome-shaped structure and central square are reminiscent of traditional Andalusian layouts but reimagined with modern efficiency and climate-conscious materials.

A solar panel-covered roof will provide shade and energy, cooling the space below while using the sun’s power.

Inside and out, the building is designed with flexibility in mind. It will feature open, modular spaces that can adapt to evolving research needs. The materials selected, such as local limestone, wood, and ceramics, will reduce the building’s carbon footprint while also supporting the local economy and preserving the region’s architectural heritage.

The two-year construction plan

The construction is set to take two years. Once it’s complete, the net-positive emissions building will house around 400 researchers and staff who currently work at the JRC in Seville. Since its opening in 1994, the JRC has served as a key hub for scientific and technical expertise, supporting EU policies in fields like innovation, economic modelling, fiscal analysis, and digital transformation.

The new net-positive emissions building is expected to improve the Centre’s capabilities while showing what future-ready public infrastructure can look like.

Bringing the new European Bauhaus to life

The project is also a good example of the New European Bauhaus in action.

Launched by the European Commission, this project promotes the green transition through environmental goals, making space more liveable and inclusive for everyone.

It hopes to transform both urban and rural environments by offering tools, guidance, and funding for personalised, community-driven solutions.

By focusing on design that respects local traditions while embracing innovation, the NEB initiative will enhance people’s quality of life and strengthen Europe’s resilience, both socially and culturally, as well as economically.

The future of EU infrastructure

The Seville JRC project represents a prototype for the future of EU institutional infrastructure, one that prioritises climate action, celebrates cultural heritage and puts people at the Centre of development.

Parkinson’s drug pramipexole treats resistant depression, Oxford study finds

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Image: ©SARINYAPINNGAM iStock

Oxford study finds Parkinson’s drug pramipexole effective for treatment-resistant depression, with benefits lasting up to a year

A drug traditionally used to treat Parkinson’s disease could soon transform care for people with severe, treatment resistant depression, according to new research from the University of Oxford. In a major clinical trial, the medication pramipexole significantly reduced symptoms in patients who hadn’t responded to standard antidepressants, offering a potential lifeline to thousands living with chronic depression.

Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist primarily prescribed for Parkinson’s disease and restless legs syndrome (RLS). It acts by stimulating dopamine receptors in the brain, helping to alleviate movement-related symptoms such as tremors and stiffness.

The research is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and published in The Lancet Psychiatry.

 The largest clinical trial to date reveals surprising findings

The trial included 150 patients with treatment resistant depression, with equal numbers receiving 48 weeks of pramipexole or a placebo alongside ongoing antidepressant medication.

The researchers found that the group taking pramipexole experienced a significant reduction in symptoms by week twelve of treatment, with the benefits persisting over a year. However, significant side effects were reported, such as nausea, sleep disturbance, and dizziness, with around one in five people on pramipexole dropping out of the trial as a result.

Professor Michael Browning, from the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, and workstream lead in Mood Disorders for the NIHR Mental Health-Translational Research Collaboration (MH-TRC) Mission, who led the trial, said: “Effectively treating people who have not responded to first-line interventions for depression is a pressing clinical problem and there has long been an urgent need to find new treatments.

‘These findings on pramipexole are a significant breakthrough for patients for whom antidepressants and other treatments and therapies have not worked.

‘Pramipexole is a medicine licensed for Parkinson’s disease and works by boosting the brain chemical dopamine. This differs from the majority of other antidepressant medications that act on brain serotonin and may explain why pramipexole was so helpful in this study.

‘We now need more research focusing on reducing the side effects of pramipexole, evaluating its cost-effectiveness, and comparing it with other add-on treatments.”

Current treatment resistant depression treatments have limited effectiveness

Current guidelines for individuals with treatment-resistant depression suggest adding new medications, such as lithium or antipsychotics, to ongoing antidepressant therapies. However, these options have limited effectiveness and do not work for everyone.

Phil Harvey, 72, from Oxfordshire, was diagnosed with depression 20 years ago and tried different tablets and counseling, but nothing worked. Eventually, he had to take a year off work before retiring. He started on the trial in 2022.

He said: ‘Within a few weeks, I felt the effects; it was amazing. I kept a diary that they gave us to track my mood, motivation, and how it improved. It was dragging me out of this dark black hole that I’ve been in for years.’

Participants were recruited from all over the country, including through the NIHR-funded MH-TRC Mission mood disorder clinics. Although these clinics are based in Oxford, they operate nationwide. They primarily assess patients with complex mood disorders remotely and offer opportunities for enrollment in research studies. Additionally, the network can support primary care services by providing assessment and treatment advice for patients who have not responded to initial treatments.

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