Trucking’s environmental benefits: Combining automation and electrification

There is a significant potential to mitigate urban health impacts and environmental damages by combining automation and electrification in long-haul trucking

A recent study conducted by the University of Michigan, Led by Parth Vaishnav, an assistant professor at the U-M School for Environment and Sustainability, presents a complete analysis of how these technologies when combined, can revolutionise the transportation sector.

Automation and electrification

The findings, published online in the journal Transportation Research Part D on April 22, offer insights into the simultaneous distribution of automation and electrification, a strategy that, according to Vaishnav, hasn’t been thoroughly explored until now.

Why the focus on automation and electrification?

Vaishnav emphasises the parallel but separate advancements in automation and electrification within the trucking industry. While electrification is possible for shorter routes under 300 miles, the challenge intensifies for longer distances due to current battery limitations. 

Automation, on the other hand, is more viable for highway driving but raises concerns in urban settings. The study aims to maximise the benefits of these technologies by combining them strategically.

Key takeaways from the study

The study reveals substantial environmental and health benefits associated with electrifying routes shorter than 300 miles, potentially saving over $587 million annually in damages. 

Even for longer routes exceeding 300 miles, electrifying urban segments can reduce damages by 35%, equating to $220 million annually. 

Despite concerns about the swap between battery size and efficiency, the study found that the efficiency penalty for using standard battery sizes was only around 3%. 

This suggests that flexibility in trucking operations can be achieved without sacrificing efficiency. 

Future implications 

People and companies must prioritise the electrification of trucking, as the study shows its benefits even with existing technology. 

The success of this transition weighs on developing a strong charging infrastructure and strengthening the electricity grid. Creative solutions, like repurposing brownfield sites for charging stations, offer additional opportunities for innovation and sustainability.