Scientists discover cost-effective method to produce key drug molecules

Scientists at Scripps Research have revealed a new approach to synthesising crucial molecules used in drug development

This technique could change the pharmaceutical industry by simplifying and reducing the cost of manufacturing essential compounds.

The study focused on quaternary carbons, a challenging structural element frequently found in active drug ingredients. These carbons are known for being difficult to produce, often requiring complex processes and costly.

However, the team at Scripps Research, led by co-first authors Nathan Dao, Xu-Cheng Gan, and Benxiang Zhang, along with senior authors Ryan Shenvi and Phil Baran, has developed a method using a single, inexpensive iron catalyst.

“Quaternary carbons are ubiquitous across various areas of research, from drug discovery to material science,” explained Nathan Dao, a PhD candidate at Scripps Research.

Creating quaternary carbons

Traditionally, creating quaternary carbons involved multiple steps and often relied on harsh conditions and specialised starting materials.

However, the Scripps team’s approach uses readily available chemicals, such as carboxylic acids and olefins, that are both productive and economical.

“A difficult chemical reaction often requires many interacting components” noted Ryan Shenvi, co-senior author and professor in the Department of Chemistry at Scripps Research. “A benefit of this work is it’s incredibly simple.”

The simplicity of the Scripps approach

The breakthrough’s key lies in the catalyst’s simplicity and efficiency. Unlike traditional methods that require multiple catalysts and intricate reaction conditions, the Scripps approach achieves remarkable results under straightforward conditions.

“Similar reactions have been gaining traction lately, so this discovery was inevitable,” Shenvi explains.

“The pieces were already in the literature, but no one had put them together before.”

By democratising the synthesis of quaternary carbons, pharmaceutical companies stand to benefit significantly. Cheaper and more accessible production methods could accelerate drug discovery and lower the cost of essential medications.

“This work is yet another striking demonstration of the power of the collaborative atmosphere at Scripps Research to unearth new transformations that can have a dramatic impact on simplifying the practice of organic synthesis,” Baran adds.

The study represents a shift in organic chemistry, promising a more accessible future for drug development and industrial chemistry.